Flute Concerto
(2022) | 24 minutes
Commissioned by Dolce Suono Ensemble, “The President’s Own” United States Marine Band and Marine Chamber Orchestra, Chamber Orchestra of the Triangle, Annapolis Chamber Orchestra, Allentown Symphony Orchestra, Cincinnati Chamber Orchestra, Portland Symphony Orchestra, Youth Orchestra of San Antonio, with generous support from Carolyn and James Barnshaw and Jonathan S. Tobin
SCORING 2 (picc.). 2. 2. 2 / 2201 (tuba or bs. tbn.: this part may be omitted if needed) / timp / 1 perc (glock, xyl, vib, crotale, SD) / hp / solo flute / str (max number of desks: 5-4-3-3-2)
ALSO AVAILABLE
For flute and piano arranged by the composer
PREMIERE
8 May 2022, Rachel M. Schlesinger Concert Hall and Arts Center, Alexandria, Virginia, by Mimi Stillman, flute, and “The President’s Own” United States Marine Chamber Orchestra conducted by Col. Jason K. Fettig.
Listen / Watch
I. Irises (0:00) · II. Capriccio (9:30) · III. Arioso (13:02) · IV. Toccata (19:00)
Programme Note
Zhou Tian (b. 1981)
Concerto for Flute and Orchestra (2022)
I. Irises
II. Capriccio
III. Arioso
IV. Toccata
Irises. Capriccio. Arioso. Toccata. These are four movements that infuse my Flute Concerto, written for long-time musical partner Mimi Stillman. From tranquil meditations to wild rituals, the concerto explores the diversity of musical styles through reflection on the flute’s long and rich heritage (hence the baroque-inspired subtitles). There are hints of my musical lineage from Barber to Piston to traditional Chinese music, as I sought a coexistence of clarity of form with passionate expression, exploring the richness of orchestral timbre yet always embracing purity of line.
The work begins with “Irises,” a movement of mixed moods of long singing lines and airy dances. The flower makes me think about the flute – sensuous and yet strong. “Capriccio” is a scherzo in perpetual motion. The rapid, repeated notes and the concise form drew its inspiration from Baroque dance pieces. “Arioso” is a meditation. As the soloist joins the plush strings, dashing harp and woodwinds, the sonic color is altered frequently, masking the hinted atonality in the melody with romanticism. “Toccata,” the finale, is a virtuosic dance. An accumulation of materials sends the piece to a climax at the end.
©Zhou Tian
Flute Concerto was commissioned for flutist Mimi Stillman by Dolce Suono Ensemble, Marine Chamber Orchestra of “The President’s Own” United States Marine Band (Col. Jason K. Fettig, Music Director), Chamber Orchestra of the Triangle (Lorenzo Muti), Annapolis Chamber Orchestra (J. Ernest Green), Allentown Symphony Orchestra (Diane Wittry), Cincinnati Chamber Orchestra (Eckart Preu), Portland Symphony Orchestra (Eckart Preu), and Youth Orchestra of San Antonio (Troy Peters), with generous support from Carolyn and James Barnshaw and Jonathan S. Tobin.
Reviews
“A remarkable fusion of artistic mastery.”
—The Flute View
“Zhou Tian’s Flute Concerto, written for and premiered by Mimi Stillman, is a beautiful painting in four scenes. The first movement, Irises, opens with rich strings and a singing, colorful flute melody. Stillman manages to remarkably imitate the dizi (a Chinese bamboo flute) with a ringing, agile sound. She pierces through the orchestra despite having to compete with an accompaniment that is anything but sparse. There is quiet intensity to the vibrato in Stillman’s sound that captures the listener’s imagination. Irises is the longest individual movement, coming in at around nine minutes, but not a single note could be sacrificed, and the lush sounds that remind one of Ravel could go on even longer.
The second movement, Capriccio, takes the soothing mystery of Irises and turns it completely around. The rhythmic energy is bold, and Stillman performs with a brilliant sense of urgency with clear, rapid articulations and flawless technique. The rhythm is the driving force in this short, fiery movement, and the punctuations of the orchestral accompaniments add a satisfying rhythmic pulse that match the energy of the flute line.
Arioso explores a calmer side of the flute. In this third movement, the orchestral is often ethereal, while the flute sings above it, serving as a siren to draw in the listener. The beauty of harmonic color is explored while slowly leading to a climax that quickly dissipates. The ending is unsettling and yet hopeful, leading the audience to need the resolution of the final movement, Toccata, which brings one final burst of energy to the end of the concerto. The playful rhythms, jubilation, and occasional dissonances are enough to remind one of Taktakishvili’s Flute Sonata (Movement III). At times the call and response between orchestra and flute feel like a battle between old and new tonalities, or at least a trading of ideas as Zhou Tian combines his influences and multilingual musical expressions into one experience.
This concerto is a welcome addition to the flute repertory, which often feels limited in concerto choices or at least certainly limited in the concertos presented to audiences. Coming in at a little over 22 minutes in four movements, the pacing is well-timed to maintain audience engagement. Casual and professional audiences alike will appreciate the beauty of the musical lines, while flutists are guaranteed to love exploring the color possibilities a performer can use to present this concerto. Mimi Stillman’s performance is a compelling premiere that highlights her versatility of sound throughout the range of the flute and is sure to inspire any who listen. This concerto and the performance of Mimi Stillman and “The President’s Own” United States Marine Chamber Orchestra is a joyful triumph.”
—The Flutist Quarterly, National Flute Association
“The evening’s centerpiece was Zhou Tian’s Flute Concerto, which he wrote for Stillman. Stillman is a multifaceted, award-winning flutist who is also the founding artistic director of the Dolce Suono Ensemble and a faculty member at Temple University in Philadelphia. She spoke briefly about the piece, explaining that Zhou’s writing reflects on the flute tradition in various cultures, such as the Baroque, as well as French, American and Chinese cultures.
Zhou’s gift for melody was apparent from the first movement, entitled ‘Irises.’ This was the lengthiest movement, opening with an impressionistic-like canvas of lush orchestral sounds and floating themes for the flute, followed by a section of nonstop virtuosities. The bright orchestral colors included the glimmering sounds of harp, glockenspiel, vibraphone and xylophone.
But above all, the concerto was a real showpiece for this flutist, who soared effortlessly through its wide-ranging melodies, runs and trills. The second movement, ‘Capriccio,’ was a scherzo, with syncopated, slightly jazzy rhythms. Stillman’s phrases on flute were echoed in trumpet, a vibrant touch.
Stillman played with mesmerizing artistry in the slow movement, ‘Arioso,’ offering a breathtaking display of arpeggios and communicating with beautiful tone. The movement built to a sumptuous climax. The finale, a ‘Toccata,’ was vibrant and driving.”
—Cincinnati Business Courier
Works for flute
- Flute Concerto
- Irises (flute & piano)
- Viaje (flute & string orchestra)
- Viaje (flute & string quartet)
- Viaje (flute, cello, piano)
- Hidden Grace (flute, viola & harp)
- Reading an Anthology of Chinese Poems… (flute, viola, harp & narrator)
- Duet (flute & piano)